Savings Schemes in India

Saving schemes can help you shape and secure your financial future in a variety of ways. They not only encourage healthy financial habits but also offer safety, tax benefits, and good returns on investments.

In India, a wide variety of savings schemes are available to people with different financial goals. Saving schemes have also gained popularity as they protect your principal and provide attractive interest which typically compounds over time, making them lucrative for risk-averse investors.

Whether you're saving for retirement, a child's education, or other life goals, there is a saving scheme to cater to your needs. Below, take a look at the most popular schemes in India, including some of the government schemes that offer both security and growth.

• Savings schemes offer safety, tax benefits, and good returns for various financial goals.
• Tax-saving FDs offer guaranteed returns, with up to Rs. 1.5 lakhs eligible for tax deductions.
• ULIPs combine insurance with market-linked investments, ideal for long-term financial goals.
• Government schemes like PPF and SSY offer high interest rates and tax benefits.

India offers numerous saving schemes, each of which offer a unique advantage over others. These include tax-saving fixed deposits (FDs), ULIPs (Unit Linked Insurance Plans), and ELSS (Equity Linked Saving Schemes), offering unique features and benefits.
 

Tax-saving fixed deposits

One of the most secure saving instruments, tax saving fixed deposits offer guaranteed returns on our investment. They have a mandatory five-year lock-in period, during which you cannot withdraw your funds. The minimum investment amount is Rs. 100, and there is no upper limit. However, only investments up to Rs. 1.5 lakhs are eligible for tax deductions under Section 80C of the Income Tax Act.

Interest rates range from 6.5% to 7.25%, depending on the bank. It is worth noting that the interest earned is taxable based on the slab you fall under. Regardless, it is an excellent option for those seeking both safety and tax-saving opportunities.

Unit Linked Insurance Plans (ULIPs)

A ULIP combines life insurance with market-linked investments, which means that you get protection as well as wealth growth potential. A portion of your premium goes toward life insurance, whereas the remainder is invested in either equity or debt-oriented funds, depending on your preference.

Like FDs, investments of up to Rs. 1.5 lakh qualify for deductions under Section 80C of ITA. ULIPs are ideal for long-term financial goals like retirement or education. However, the interest rates are not fixed in ULIPs. They vary based on market performance, which makes them a more flexible option for growth-oriented investors.

Equity Linked Saving Scheme (ELSS)

For those with a higher risk appetite, ELSS provides the shortest lock-in period of 3 years, among all tax-saving schemes. In an ELSS, at least 80% of the funds are invested in equities, which ensures higher returns through market exposure.

While the interest rate is market-driven, investors can benefit from the compounding effect over the long term. ELSS investments also qualify for tax deductions up to Rs. 1.5 lakh u/s 80C of ITA. However, gains are subject to a 12.5% long-term capital gains (LTCG) tax if they exceed Rs. 1.25 lakhs in a financial year (following the Union Budget 2024 amendment).

For individuals seeking stability and long-term security, government saving schemes are the most reliable and trusted investment options. These schemes are designed to safeguard your capital while providing a steady income or future lump-sum benefits. They are particularly attractive for conservative investors who want safety above high returns.

Public Provident Fund

PPF has been a popular instrument for Indian investors for decades. With a lock-in period of 15 years, this scheme offers long-term wealth accumulation. Currently, the interest rate for PPFs is 7.1%, which is compounded annually.

The minimum investment is Rs. 500 per year, and the maximum is Rs. 1.5 lakhs, with tax deductions available under Section 80C. PPF is an attractive option due to the tax-free interest and capital protection it offers, making it ideal for retirement planning and long-term goals.

Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana (SSY)

Aimed at securing the financial future of the girl child, SSY offers a high interest rate of 8% per annum. Parents or guardians can open an account for their daughter before she turns 10, and the account matures when she turns 21.

The scheme allows premature withdrawals of up to 50% when the girl turns 18, and the amount can be used by parents to fund their child’s higher education. The minimum annual investment is Rs. 250, and is capped at Rs. 1.5 lakhs.

Both the invested amount and the interest earned are tax-free, providing significant benefits for long-term financial security.

National Savings Certificate (NSC)

The NSC is yet another popular choice among conservative investors. Backed by the government, the scheme currently offers a fixed interest of 6.8%, which compounds annually.

The minimum investment is Rs. 100, and there is no upper limit. However, only up to Rs. 1.5 lakh will be eligible for tax deductions u/s 80C of ITA. The interest earned on the NSC is taxable, but it is reinvested, which makes it eligible for further tax deductions. This effectively reduces the tax liability on the interest component.

Senior Citizen Savings Scheme (SCSS)

The SCSS is designed specifically for individuals aged 60 and above, offering a safe investment avenue with a guaranteed income. The scheme has a tenure of five years, and the interest rate currently stands at 8.2%.

The minimum deposit is Rs. 1,000, and the maximum limit is Rs. 15 lakhs. SCSS provides regular income as interest is paid quarterly, and the principal amount is eligible for deductions under Section 80C of ITA. The scheme is ideal for retirees seeking a reliable source of income.

National Pension Scheme (NPS)

The NPS is a long-term investment option aimed at securing a steady income post-retirement. It allows employees to make regular contributions during their working years, which are then invested in a mix of equities, bonds, and government securities.

Upon retirement, the accumulated amount is converted into annuity, providing a regular monthly income for you. While contributions up to Rs. 1.5 lakh are tax-deductible under Section 80C of ITA, an additional deduction of Rs. 50,000 is available u/s 80CCD (1B).

India offers a wide array of saving schemes tailored to meet different financial goals and risk appetites. By investing in a combination of these schemes, you can optimise your savings while balancing risk and reward. Whether you're planning for retirement, education, or simply growing your wealth, choosing the right mix of saving schemes can help secure your financial future.

If you are looking for safe investment option, then you can consider investing Bajaj Finance Fixed Deposit. With a top-tier AAA rating from financial agencies like CRISIL and ICRA, they offer one of the highest returns, up to 7.30% p.a.