Employees’ Provident Fund or EPF

The Employees Provident Fund (EPF) is a retirement savings scheme that is available to all salaried employees in India. The scheme is administered by the Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO), which is a statutory body under the Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of India. The EPF scheme requires both the employer and employee to contribute 12% of the employee’s basic salary towards the fund. The scheme offers various benefits such as pension, insurance, and lump-sum payment on retirement.

What is Employees’ Provident Fund or EPF?

In this scheme, your employer deducts a fixed sum from your salary every month and puts it along with their contribution into your EPF account. You can use your EPF savings to avail of a loan or withdraw it post-retirement to fund your expenses.

The history of EPF in India

The EPF scheme was launched in 1952. The goal of this scheme was to provide millions of employees with better social security and a secure future in exchange for the hard work, effort, and service they offer to various organisations. EPF in India was implemented under the Employees' Provident Funds Act and, since the start, has been regarded as a compulsory contributory fund. The Ministry of Labour & Employment is responsible for the active implementation of the EPF schemes.

Benefits of EPF

Here are the various benefits that you can enjoy backed by an EPF account.

• It builds your savings corpus.
• It helps you fund your retirement and post-retirement lifestyle.
• It doesn’t require a lump sum one-time investment. A monthly deduction from the salary is enough to build a bigger corpus all through your. employment years - It allows you to enjoy tax concessions.
• It works as a financial back up for emergencies.

How to apply for PF in India?

As an employee, your enrolment for EPF happens at the discretion of your employer, and the process is carried out in its entirety by your employer. If you are a business owner, and your company intends to enroll under this scheme, you have to meet necessary eligibility requirements and furnish a few documents to complete the process.

To be eligible under this scheme, your organisation should be a registered company and must be involved in activities listed under Schedule 1 of the EPF Act. Apart from that, the minimum employee strength of the company should be 20 people.

Once eligible you can apply for EPF account with the following documents:

• A copy of the partnership deed in case of a partnership firm.
• If your organisation is a public limited or private limited company, you need to submit a copy of the Certificate of Corporation. You also need to submit a copy of the Memorandum and Articles of Association.
• If you want to register your society, you need to submit a copy of the registration certificate of your society along with a copy of the rules and objectives of the society.
• Apart from these specific documents, all companies, in general, need to submit income tax documents, PAN details, partition deed, first sales invoice, salary details of employees, and a copy of the balance sheet.

EPFO - Employee Provident Fund Organisation

The EPFO stands for the Employees' Provident Fund Organisation. It is a statutory body that the Government of India created. It is one of the largest social security organisations in India. The EPFO came into being with the Employees Provident Fund ordinance that was passed in 1951. It later became a part of the modified Employees Provident Fund Act in 1952 and is currently a part of the Employees Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act 1952.

Schemes Offered Under EPFO

• Employees' Pension Scheme (EPS)
• Employees' Provident Funds Scheme (EPF)
• Employees' Deposit Linked Insurance Scheme (EDLI)

Objectives of EPFO

• Ensuring each employee maintains a single EPF account.
• Simplifying the process of compliance.
• Enforcing consistent adherence to EPFO's established rules and regulations.
• Enhancing the dependability of online services and introducing enhancements to their provisions.
• Enabling convenient online access for all member accounts.
• Drastically reducing claim settlement time from 20 days to 3 days.
• Promoting and fostering voluntary compliance initiatives.

Since the EPFO is a robust governing body, it has a significant role in helping its members in various ways. Right from helping your organisation register and understand the rules to help you with other complex procedures, the EPFO does it all.

UAN and EPFO Portal

EPF subscribers can access their accounts online for operations like withdrawals and balance checks. The UAN, a unique 12-digit number, consolidates multiple member IDs from different employers. It provides services like passbook downloads, KYC updates, and claim filings. To use these services, activate your UAN online when switching jobs.

List of All the Services that EPFO offers you

1. Online registration

EPFO has an Online Registration of Establishment's portal that helps you access or register your EPF account. If your organisation falls under the list already available with the EPF and Miscellaneous Provisions Act 1952, you can easily register online. If your organisation is not listed, the EPFO allows you to sign up for your account voluntarily. The EPFO also has a helpdesk that you can access on the toll-free number 1800 118 005.

2. Generate UAN details of other members online

The UAN is a unique code that brings all your PF accounts under one head. So, on behalf of your company, you can enquire about the PF details of all company members by visiting the EPFO member log-in portal. All you have to do is generate an OTP to authenticate your identity, and then you can view various details of other members. This allows you to keep all your employee details under the umbrella of the company UAN.

3. Pay for EPF subscription online

Subscribing for an EPF comes with a lot of benefits. However, to ensure that you continue gaining from these benefits, you need to ensure that you pay the annual subscription fee. To make this convenient for you, the EPFO has a tie-up with the SBI, which enables you to pay the subscription fees online using the Net Banking option. This option works regardless of which bank account you have.

4. Generate the EPF challan online

The EPFO also helps you complete your registration with the E-challan online. Once you register at the EPFO e-Sewa portal, you get a unique ID and password. Using these, you can submit the data with your digital signatures and save it in a PDF. Once you print it out, you can have it approved, after which your E-challan will be generated online.

5. Address your grievances

There can be numerous instances where you have certain doubts, queries or complaints to make to the EPFO. The grievance management system for EPFO is a department that is adept and ready to reply to all your doubts, complaints, and issues. All you have to do is fill up a grievance registration form. In this form, you have to fill in all the relevant details like your membership status, PF number, related EPFO office, and name of your establishment, address of your establishment, your name, address, phone number, and Email ID. Once you have filled in all these details, you can go ahead and describe the details of your grievance in the 'Grievance Description' section. The grievance management system also lets you send reminders in case your grievances have not been addressed. You can also view the status of your registered complaint by entering the grievance registration number, password and captcha code.

6. Transfer claims online

This service enables you to transfer your claims as and when you like. It also lets you view and manage all your transfer claims. Thus, you have the convenience to view, verify, approve and submit claims online.

Additional Read: How to transfer PF account

EPF registration process for employers

Registering with your company's EPF account will help your organisation provide all your employees with the facility of EPF. Not only does this bring credibility to your organisation and help you create a responsible image for your company, but it also helps your employees feel more satisfied in their respective roles.

Here is the list of the details you need to provide when registering for EPF.

1. Details of the owner, including details of the designation and the address of the directors and the partners.
2. Name and address of your company.
3. Details of the head offices and branches.
4. The date of registration or incorporation of your company.
5. Details of all your employees and the strength of employees.
6. The type of work done by your organisation.
7. The legal details of your organisation.
8. The particulars related to wages and salaries.
9. The details of the bank through which you perform all business transactions.
10. The company's PAN details.
11. Submit a filled-out Performa for Coverage, along with submitting Form A and Annexure 1.

Step-by-step procedure to register the EPF account for your company

1. Be ready with all your documents.
2. Visit the EPFO e-Sewa portal and read and follow all the instructions.
3. Fill in all the details and submit the application form.
4. Generate and enter the captcha code and click on the 'Get Pin' option.
5. Enter the secret PIN that was generated on your registered mobile number or email ID.
6. Click on 'submit' and download the completed PDF.
7. Save and take a copy of the PDF.
8. Submit this copy later at the EPF office.

EPF contributions

The EPF is a social security scheme that aims at providing your employees financial security in the future. This scheme takes contributions from you (the employer) individually for each of your employees and takes contributions from each of your employees, which you deduct from their salaries every month and submit towards their EPF on their behalf.

So, broadly your EPF contribution as an employee is divided into two parts.

PF contribution of employee

This is the contribution that is made by you as an employee. This contribution accounts for 12% of your salary, which is deducted on a monthly basis by your employer.

PF contribution of employer

This part contributed by your employer is also 12% of your monthly salary amount, which the employer contributes as a separate fund from their accounts. This 12% deduction gets divided in the following ways and is then contributed to your EPF account.

• 3.67% of the section would go towards the EPF.
• 8.33% would go towards the EPS (Employee Pension Scheme).
• 0.50% would go into the Employee's Deposit Link Insurance Scheme.
• 1.10% would go into the EPF Admin Charges.
• 0.01% would go into the EDLIS admin charges.

Now that you know the various divisions of the EPF, the table illustrated below will help you understand how EPF works. First, let us assume that you have just joined a company with a salary of Rs. 20,000. Now have a look at the table below.

Month	Employer Contribution (3.67%)	Employee Contribution (12%)	Monthly Balance at month end	Interest applicable
June	Rs. 734	Rs. 2,400	Rs. 3,134	Nil
July	Rs. 734	Rs. 2,400	Rs. 6,268	Rs. 22.85
August	Rs. 734	Rs. 2,400	Rs. 9,402	Rs. 68.55
September	Rs. 734	Rs. 2,400	Rs. 12,536	Rs. 91.40
October	Rs. 734	Rs. 2,400	Rs. 15,670	Rs. 114.26
November	Rs. 734	Rs. 2,400	Rs. 18,804	Rs. 137.11
December	Rs. 734	Rs. 2,400	Rs. 21,938	Rs. 160
January	Rs. 734	Rs. 2,400	Rs. 25,072	Rs. 182.81
February	Rs. 734	Rs. 2,400	Rs. 28,206	Rs. 205.66
TOTAL EPF Balance at year end	Rs. 6,606	Rs. 21,600	Rs. 31,340	Rs. 982.64

 

1. Monthly balance = Employee contribution+ employer contribution
2. Interest amount = [Monthly balance X interest rate]/12

This is how your EPF account works and helps you build your savings over time. You can make these calculations yourself and then verify the same by checking your EPF account from time to time.

What is an EPF account?

The EPF account can be described as that government bank account where your EPF is invested. Once you sign up for the EPF, your EPF balance gets credited into this account every month. You can use varied mediums to perform an EPF balance check on this account. You can check using the EPFO e-Sewa portal, Mobile app, and SMS by logging in with your UAN number.

EPF Eligibility

To be eligible for the Employees’ Provident Fund (EPF), you must meet the following criteria:

• You must be employed in an organisation with more than 20 employees.
  
• You must be between the ages of 18 and 54 years.
• You must have a basic monthly salary of Rs. 15,000 or more.

EPF Interest

The current interest rate offered by the EPF scheme for the financial year 2023-24 is 8.25%.

Benefit Of EPF Account

1. Retirement savings
   EPF provides a structured way to save for your retirement years. Both you and your employer make regular contributions, creating a substantial corpus over time.
2. Tax advantages
   Your contributions to the EPF are tax-deductible under Section 80C of the Income Tax Act. Additionally, interest earned, and withdrawals (at maturity) are also tax-exempt.
3. Financial safety
   The EPF is a government-backed scheme, providing security and guaranteed returns on your investment.
4. Partial Withdrawals
   Under specific circumstances (medical emergencies, home purchase, etc.), you can make partial withdrawals from your EPF balance before retirement.

Procedure to check your EPF claim status online

You can claim your EPF funds any time or generate a regular income post-retirement. To raise a claim with the EPFO successfully, you will need to follow the procedure listed below.

Steps to check your EPF claim status online

1. Visit the EPFO portal and then click on 'Our services' and then select the 'For employees' tab.
2. After that, click on 'Know your Claim Status'.
3. On the next page that appears, enter your UAN, followed by the captcha code.
4. On the next page, you will have to enter your state, select the EPF office from the drop-down menu, enter your establishment code and enter your account number.
5. Once this is done, click on the 'Submit' button to check the status of your claim. Your claim status will be sent in SMS format on your registered mobile number.

How to claim a dormant EPF account

A dormant EPF account can be a tricky affair. Not only does a dormant account force your cash to get held up, but it also eliminates the potential use that you can make from the cash. With approximate Rs. 26497 crore lying unclaimed in EPF accounts dormancy of accounts is beginning to get more common.

Follow the steps listed below if you have an unclaimed account and plan to liquidate it immediately:

1. Log on to this link.
2. Select the 'For Employees' section, and under that click on 'Inoperative A/c Helpdesk'.
3. Once you do that, you will be directed to the helpdesk page.
4. On this page, select the option '(a) First Time User Click Here to Proceed'.
5. Once the next section arrives, describe why your account has been inoperative in the 'Problem Description' section.
6. Once done, you will have to provide all your relevant details like EPF no, company name, and more on the next page. After that, click on 'Next'.
7. The next page will require you to enter all your KYC details like Aadhaar number, PAN number, bank account number and IFSC code.
8. After that, click on the 'Generate PIN'. This will generate a notification that says, 'PIN successfully sent to your mobile.
9. Once done, enter the pin and click on 'Verify PIN and Submit'.
10. Once you have completed submission, you will receive an SMS that contains your reference ID. You will also receive an 'Acknowledgement' on your screen.
11. You can then log on to the Helpdesk, log in as a registered member and enter your mobile number and reference number to check the status of your application.
12. The request will be transferred to the field officer, who will then get in touch with you and assist you with steps to be taken further.