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Microloans are small, short-term loans aimed at supporting self-employed individuals, startups, and micro-enterprises by offering easy access to capital without the lengthy procedures of traditional bank loans. They play a vital role in providing financial assistance to low-income groups and micro-entrepreneurs who are often excluded from mainstream banking services. In India, initiatives led by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and the Government have significantly widened access to microloans, strengthening financial inclusion and encouraging entrepreneurship. This guide highlights the key features, benefits, eligibility, and application process of microloans, while explaining how they help individuals expand businesses, create livelihood opportunities, and contribute to economic growth.
What is Micro loan
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Microloans are small-value, short-term loans designed to meet the financial needs of self-employed individuals, startups, micro-enterprises, and small businesses with limited capital requirements. These loans are especially beneficial for low-income groups and micro-entrepreneurs who typically lack access to formal banking or traditional lending channels. To explore your options for financial support, you can check your business loan eligibility before applying.
To bridge this gap, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), with support from the Government of India, has encouraged initiatives aimed at extending credit to the unbanked and underbanked sections of society. This has been made possible through collaborations with private limited companies and other financial institutions to enhance financial inclusion across the country.
Features of micro loans
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Flexible repayments
To repay your loan amount, you can choose from tenure of up to 96 months to repay your loan amount.
High-value loan amount
Get a high-value loan amount of up to Rs. 80 lakh upon meeting the eligibility to meet all your working capital requirements.
Loan in account in 24 hours*
Upon filing the application and getting loan approval, you can receive the loan amount in your bank account within 24 hours*.
Choose a Flexi Loan to lower your EMIs
You can lower your EMIs by up to 45%* on EMIs through the Bajaj Finance Flexi loan facility. Withdraw money from a pre-set amount and pay interest only on that amount.
No security
Get easy loans without collateral, meaning you will not have to pledge any asset while availing of a loan from us.
Benefits of micro finance
Some of the benefits of microfinance are:
- It helps start or expand businesses, increase income, and create jobs.
- It empowers women to become more independent, confident, and socially active.
- It improves well-being of the borrowers and their families.
- It fosters financial inclusion and literacy among the marginalised sections of society.
- It contributes to the economic development and poverty reduction of the communities and countries where it operates.
Purpose of micro loans- Poverty Reduction: Microloans can be a powerful tool for poverty reduction by enabling individuals to become self-employed and increase their income.
- Entrepreneurship Promotion: They support the growth of small businesses and micro-enterprises, fostering entrepreneurship and economic development.
- Financial Inclusion: Microloans help integrate marginalised populations into the formal financial system by providing access to credit and other financial services.
- Community Development: By empowering individuals and communities, microloans can contribute to broader social and economic development.
Characteristics of micro loans
- Small Loan Amounts: Micro loans involve relatively small amounts of money, often ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand dollars, depending on the context.
- Targeted at Low-Income Individuals: They are specifically designed to support individuals who may not qualify for traditional bank loans due to factors like lack of credit history, collateral, or formal employment.
- Focus on Income-Generating Activities: The loans are typically intended for activities that can generate income for the borrower, such as starting a small business, purchasing equipment, or managing working capital.
- Flexible Repayment Terms: Repayment schedules are often tailored to the borrower's income patterns, making it easier for them to repay the loan without undue hardship.
- Often No or Minimal Collateral: Unlike traditional loans, microloans may not require significant collateral, making them more accessible to those who lack assets.
Check your pre-approved business loan offer
Eligibility criteria for micro loan
Getting a micro loan from us is hassle-free and convenient. You just need to meet the following eligibility parameters:
Citizenship
Indian Resident
Age
Between 24 and 80 years*
(*age should be 80 years at the time of loan maturity)CIBIL Score
685 or more
Business vintage
Minimum of 3 years
Documents required for micro loan
- KYC documents - Aadhaar/ passport/ voter’s ID
- PAN card
- Proof of business ownership
- Other financial documents
Interest rate and charges on micro loan
Before applying for a micro loan, it is important to understand the cost involved. Lenders generally charge interest based on factors such as the applicant’s profile, repayment capacity, and loan amount. To make an informed choice, you can check the applicable business loan interest rate and compare it with other financing options.
Along with the interest rate, borrowers may also need to account for processing fees, documentation charges, and late payment penalties, depending on the lender’s terms. To plan better, use the business loan EMI calculator and estimate your monthly instalments in advance. This helps manage cash flow efficiently and ensures timely repayment of the loan.
Micro Loan interest rate and charges
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Microfinance loan interest rates generally fall within a fixed range, depending on the lender and the borrower’s financial profile. Entrepreneurs exploring funding options should compare these with the business loan interest rate offered by reputed lenders such as Bajaj Finance.
Interest rate type Rate Minimum rate 21.25% Maximum rate 26.00% Average rate 22.17%
Before applying, borrowers can use a business loan EMI calculator to estimate monthly repayments and determine affordability with greater clarity.
Get business loan for your needs
How to apply for a Micro Loan online
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To apply for microfinance loan, simply follow these steps:
- Click on the ‘CHECK ELIGIBILITY' button on this page.
- Enter your 10-digit mobile number and OTP.
- Fill in the application form with your basic details, such as your full name, PAN, date of birth, and PIN code.
- Once you enter all your details, please click on ‘PROCEED’ to visit the loan selection page.
- Enter the loan amount that you need. Choose from our three business loan variants – Term, Flexi Term, and Flexi Hybrid.
- Choose the repayment tenure – you can select tenure options of 12 months to 96 months and click on ‘PROCEED’.
- Complete your KYC and submit your business loan application. Before submitting, don’t forget to check your pre-approved business loan offer to expedite the approval process.
Why are micro loans important for economic development?
Micro loans are important for economic development because they improve access to finance for individuals and small businesses that may not qualify for traditional bank credit, helping them generate income, create employment and expand economic activity. They support entrepreneurship by providing funds for working capital, equipment purchases and business growth, particularly in underserved communities. As businesses grow, they contribute to local employment, household incomes and overall economic productivity. Responsible borrowing and timely repayment also help borrowers build a positive credit history, improving access to larger financing opportunities in the future.
How to qualify for a micro loan as a freelancer?
Freelancers can qualify for a micro loan by demonstrating a stable source of income, meeting the lender's eligibility criteria, maintaining a satisfactory credit profile and providing proof of their self-employed work. Although requirements vary by lender, following these steps can improve your chances of approval:
- Maintain consistent income by keeping records of client payments, bank statements and invoices for at least the previous 6 to 12 months.
- Keep your credit profile healthy by paying existing loans and credit card dues on time. Many lenders prefer applicants with a CIBIL Score of around 650 or above.
- Prepare the required documents, including Aadhaar, PAN, address proof, bank statements and, where applicable, income tax returns or GST registration.
- Choose a loan amount that matches your repayment capacity and clearly state how the funds will support your freelance business, such as purchasing equipment or meeting working capital needs.
A well-documented income history and responsible financial management can improve your eligibility for a micro loan and help you access funding on suitable terms.
What are micro loan options for low income individuals?
Several micro loan options are available for low-income individuals in India, including government-backed schemes and NBFC products such as Bajaj Finance, with eligibility, loan amounts and repayment terms varying by lender and scheme.
| Option | Provider | Key feature | Limit |
|---|---|---|---|
| PM Mudra Loan (Shishu, Kishor and Tarun) | Banks, NBFCs and other participating lending institutions under PMMY | Supports eligible non-farm micro enterprises with collateral-free funding | Up to Rs. 10 lakh |
| Self-Help Group (SHG) Bank Linkage | Scheduled banks under the SHG-Bank Linkage Programme | Provides credit to eligible SHGs for livelihood and income-generating activities | Varies by bank and SHG eligibility |
| Microfinance loan | Registered Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) and eligible NBFC-MFIs | Designed for eligible low-income households with flexible repayment options | Amount varies by RBI regulations and lender policy |
| Business loan | Bajaj Finance | Offers eligible self-employed individuals and businesses collateral-free funding with digital application and flexible repayment options | Up to Rs. 80 lakh |
Before applying, compare eligibility criteria, interest rates, repayment tenures and total borrowing costs to choose the financing option that best suits your financial requirements.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Overview
What is the meaning of micro loan?
A micro loan is a small loan typically provided to individuals or small businesses that have limited or no access to traditional banking services. It is often used in developing regions to support income-generating activities.
What is an example of a micro loan?
An example of a micro loan could be a Rs.50,000 loan granted to a local vendor to expand their stall or to a tailor for purchasing a sewing machine. These loans are small in amount and designed to help kickstart or grow micro enterprises.
What is the limit of micro loans?
Micro loans usually come with a cap, depending on the provider. In India, the limit is often up to Rs.1 lakh, while globally, it can range up to around $13,000. The aim is to meet modest capital needs of small business owners.
How do micro loans help small business owners
Micro loans help small business owners grow by providing access to capital for business needs and, in many cases, offering collateral-free borrowing for eligible applicants. The funds can be used to purchase inventory, manage working capital, or expand operations. Eligible businesses can also explore a Bajaj Finance Business Loan for larger funding requirements, subject to the applicable eligibility criteria.
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Bajaj Finance Limited has the sole and absolute discretion, without assigning any reason to accept or reject any application. Terms and conditions apply*.