What Causes AC Compressor Failure

Learn about the common causes of AC compressor failure and how to prevent costly repairs.
SHOP IN-STORE
Explore Refrigerators
SHOP IN-STORE
3 min
23-Jan-2025
AC compressor failure can occur due to various reasons, such as insufficient lubrication, electrical problems, or a clogged filter. Recognising symptoms early, such as unusual sounds or warm air, can help you address issues promptly. Regular maintenance is key to extending the lifespan of your AC and avoiding costly repairs.

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Introduction to AC compressor and its importance

An AC compressor is a vital component of your air conditioning system, responsible for circulating refrigerant throughout the unit. It compresses the refrigerant gas, raising its pressure and temperature, and sends it to the condenser coils for cooling. This process is essential for the efficient cooling of your space. Without a properly functioning compressor, your air conditioner cannot provide the desired cooling effect. Understanding its role helps you maintain your AC and ensures a longer lifespan for the system. Regular servicing is crucial for optimal performance. Get the comfort of a new AC with Easy EMIs through Bajaj Finserv, making it affordable to stay cool year-round.

Signs of a failing AC compressor

  • Strange noises: If you hear clanking or grinding sounds from your inverter AC, it could indicate an issue with the compressor’s moving parts.
  • Warm air: A failing compressor may struggle to circulate cool air, leading to warm air blowing from the vents.
  • Frequent cycling: If your AC turns on and off more often than usual, the compressor might be under stress or failing.
  • Increased energy bills: A malfunctioning compressor can cause your AC to work harder, resulting in higher electricity consumption.
  • Visible leaks: Leaking refrigerant or oil around the compressor could be a sign of internal damage.
  • Reduced airflow: A failing compressor may cause a significant drop in airflow, making it hard to cool the space efficiently.
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Common causes of AC compressor failure

  • Low refrigerant levels: When the refrigerant is too low, the compressor has to work harder, which can lead to overheating and eventual failure.
  • Electrical issues: Problems with wiring or the capacitor can disrupt the compressor’s ability to start or function properly.
  • Overheating: A blocked or dirty condenser coil can cause the compressor to overheat, damaging it over time.
  • Contaminated or clogged filters: Dirty air filters reduce airflow, causing strain on the compressor and leading to wear and tear.
  • Mechanical wear and tear: Like any mechanical component, the compressor can wear out over time due to age, causing it to malfunction.
  • Power surges: Sudden power surges or fluctuations can damage the compressor's electrical components, causing failure.
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Ways to prevent AC compressor breakdown

  • Regular maintenance: Schedule annual check-ups to ensure that your AC compressor is in good working condition. Routine cleaning and servicing help prevent dust and debris buildup that can cause strain on the compressor.
  • Monitor refrigerant levels: Ensure that your AC has the right amount of refrigerant. Low refrigerant can cause the compressor to overheat and fail.
  • Replace air filters regularly: Clogged air filters restrict airflow, putting extra pressure on the compressor. Clean or replace filters as needed to maintain proper airflow.
  • Keep condenser coils clean: Clean condenser coils help release heat more effectively. Dirty coils can cause the compressor to overheat, increasing the risk of breakdown.
  • Ensure proper airflow: Maintain proper airflow around the compressor and the AC unit. Ensure that there are no obstructions blocking the vents or airflow pathways.
  • Check electrical components: Regularly inspect electrical connections, capacitors, and wiring for signs of wear and tear to avoid electrical issues that could damage the compressor.
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When to repair vs. replace the compressor

When your AC compressor starts malfunctioning, it is important to determine whether it is more cost-effective to repair it or replace it entirely.

Repairing the compressor is often a viable option if the issue is minor, such as a clogged filter, low refrigerant, or an electrical fault. If the compressor is relatively new, repairing it can restore its functionality without a significant financial investment. Additionally, if the compressor has suffered from simple mechanical wear and tear or is still within warranty, repairing it may be a better choice.

On the other hand, replacing the compressor might be necessary when the damage is extensive, or the compressor is beyond repair. If the compressor is too old and has been showing consistent signs of failure, investing in a new unit could save you money in the long run. The cost of repairs for an old compressor may exceed the cost of replacement, especially if other components are also damaged. Another sign that replacement is necessary is if the compressor has been frequently repaired in the past. Continuous breakdowns may indicate that the compressor is no longer reliable and needs replacing to ensure consistent cooling.

Ultimately, the decision depends on factors such as the compressor's age, the extent of damage, repair costs, and the expected lifespan of the new compressor. A professional technician can help assess the situation and guide you toward the most cost-effective solution.

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Frequently asked questions

What are the signs of a failing AC compressor?
Signs of a failing AC compressor include warm air blowing from the vents, unusual noises like grinding, clanking, or hissing, and frequent cycling on and off. Reduced airflow is also a common symptom, as the compressor may not be circulating air properly. Another warning sign is higher energy bills, as the compressor struggles to cool the space. If you notice these signs, it is important to have your compressor inspected promptly to prevent further damage and costly repairs.

How often should I service my air conditioner?
To keep your air conditioner running efficiently, it is important to service it at least once a year. Regular servicing helps to identify and fix minor issues before they become major problems. During the service, the technician will clean filters coils, and check refrigerant levels, ensuring your system runs smoothly. Regular maintenance also improves the lifespan of the unit, optimises energy efficiency, and ensures better air quality. Do not skip this essential step for long-term comfort and performance.

Can low refrigerant levels damage the compressor?
Yes, low refrigerant levels can damage the compressor. When refrigerant levels are low, the compressor has to work harder to circulate the refrigerant, which can lead to overheating and eventual failure. This can also result in inadequate cooling and higher energy consumption. Over time, this stress on the compressor can cause irreparable damage, making it crucial to maintain the correct refrigerant levels. Regular inspections can help detect low refrigerant levels early, avoiding potential damage to the compressor.

Is it better to repair or replace a damaged compressor?
Whether to repair or replace a damaged compressor depends on the extent of the damage and the compressor’s age. If the compressor is relatively new and the damage is minor, repair is usually more cost-effective. However, if the compressor is old and the damage is significant, replacement may be the better choice. Frequently repairing an old compressor can end up costing more than replacing it. A professional technician can assess the situation and advise on the best course of action.

How can I prevent the AC compressor from overheating?
Preventing overheating of the AC compressor involves regular maintenance and ensuring the system operates efficiently. Clean condenser coils regularly to remove dirt and debris, as blocked coils hinder heat dissipation. Keep the airflow unobstructed around the unit to ensure proper cooling. Additionally, ensure that refrigerant levels are adequate and not too low, as insufficient refrigerant can cause the compressor to overheat. Schedule annual servicing to check for wear and tear and to maintain the overall efficiency of the system.

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