UPI vs IMPS
Unified Payments Interface (UPI) and Immediate Payment Service (IMPS) are two significant players in the realm of digital transactions in India. In this article, we will explore the distinctions between these two systems, shedding light on their features, benefits, and drawbacks.
What are IMPS and UPI
IMPS, or Immediate Payment Service, is an electronic funds transfer system in India that enables real-time interbank electronic funds transactions. IMPS was introduced in November 2010. On the other hand, UPI, or Unified Payments Interface. UPI was introduced in April 2016. It provides a seamless, instant payment system using a single identifier called the UPI ID.
Difference between UPI and IMPS
Let us delve into a detailed comparison:
Feature |
UPI |
IMPS |
Transaction speed |
Instant |
Real-time |
Payment address |
UPI ID |
Mobile number and MMID |
Platform availability |
Smartphone apps, Websites |
Mobile, Internet banking |
Transaction limits |
Higher |
Lower |
Scheduled payments |
Yes |
Limited |
Authentication methods |
UPI PIN, Biometric, OTP |
Mobile number and MMID, OTP |
Advantages of UPI
Instant transactions: UPI enables real-time transactions, allowing users to send and receive money instantly, enhancing the overall speed and efficiency of digital payments.
Simplified payments: With UPI, users can make payments using a single UPI ID, eliminating the need to remember complex bank details. This simplicity makes transactions more user-friendly.
24/7 availability: UPI transactions are feasible 24/7, providing users with the flexibility to make payments at any time, including weekends and holidays, contributing to a seamless payment experience.
Mobile number as an identifier: UPI uses mobile numbers as unique identifiers, making it easy for users to link their bank accounts and conduct transactions without the need for lengthy account numbers and complicated IFSC codes.
Interoperability: UPI is designed to be interoperable across various banks and financial institutions. Users can make transactions between different banks seamlessly, promoting inclusivity and accessibility in the digital payment ecosystem.
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Advantages of IMPS
Real-time transactions: IMPS facilitates instant fund transfers between bank accounts, ensuring quick and efficient transactions at any time, including weekends and holidays.
Wide accessibility: IMPS is accessible through various channels, including mobile banking apps, internet banking, and ATMs, providing users with multiple options for making secure transactions.
Versatility in transactions: IMPS supports various types of transactions, including person-to-person transfers, mobile recharges, bill payments, and more, making it a versatile platform for different financial needs.
Mobile number and MMID: IMPS allows users to make transactions using the recipient's mobile number and Mobile Money Identifier (MMID), simplifying the identification process and reducing the reliance on complex bank details.
Immediate confirmation: Users receive immediate confirmation of the transaction, providing transparency and assurance that the funds have been successfully transferred to the intended recipient.
Disadvantages of UPI
Transaction limits: UPI transactions often have predefined daily and per-transaction limits. For users with high-value transaction requirements, these limits may pose a restriction and necessitate the use of alternative payment methods for larger amounts.
Technical glitches: Like any digital system, UPI platforms may experience technical glitches, downtimes, or server issues. During such periods, users may face disruptions in accessing the UPI services, impacting the overall reliability and convenience of the platform.
Disadvantages of IMPS
Limited transaction timing: While IMPS offers real-time transactions, there may be limitations on the timing of certain transactions, especially during late-night hours. Users may encounter restrictions during specific time frames, affecting the flexibility of the service.
Dependency on mobile devices: IMPS transactions often require a mobile device for initiation, whether through a banking app or SMS. This dependency on mobile devices may be a limitation for individuals who do not own smartphones or have access to mobile banking facilities.
Complexity for non-tech-savvy users: Some users, particularly those who are not comfortable with technology, may find the process of using IMPS, including entering Mobile Money Identifier (MMID) and other details, a bit complex. This could potentially limit the adoption of IMPS among certain user groups.
Is UPI faster than IMPS?
Yes, UPI is faster than IMPS. The instant nature of UPI transactions, coupled with various authentication methods, makes it a swifter choice compared to the real-time but slightly delayed IMPS.
What are the benefits of UPI over IMPS?
Simplicity: UPI uses a single identifier, the UPI ID, simplifying the payment process.
Wider acceptance: UPI is widely accepted across platforms and apps, providing more versatility.
Higher transaction limits: UPI allows for higher transaction limits compared to IMPS.
Conclusion
In conclusion, understanding the nuances of these digital payment systems helps users make informed choices based on their transaction needs. Whether it is the instant convenience of UPI, the real-time nature of IMPS, or the high-value transactions facilitated by RTGS, each system caters to specific requirements in the evolving landscape of digital finance.