What is Orthopedic Surgery and is it Covered by Health Insurance?

Health insurance covers orthopedic treatments, including open surgery and arthroscopy. It also extends to pre- and post-hospitalization costs, rehabilitation, and medical devices, ensuring financial support for surgical procedures while reducing out-of-pocket expenses.
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3 min
11-June-2025

Orthopedic surgeries are vital for treating conditions related to the musculoskeletal system, including bones, joints, ligaments, and muscles. These surgeries can range from simple procedures like fracture repair to complex ones such as joint replacements. Given the significant costs associated with orthopedic treatments, having health insurance for orthopedic surgery can provide financial relief and peace of mind. In this article, we will discuss the importance of health insurance for orthopedic surgery, its benefits, how to choose the right plan, coverage options, common exclusions, and tips for filing a claim.

What is health insurance for orthopedic surgery?

Health insurance for orthopedic surgery is a specific type of medical coverage designed to help individuals manage the high costs of orthopedic procedures. This includes surgeries such as knee replacements, spinal surgeries, shoulder repairs, and treatments for fractures. Depending on the policy, health insurance can cover pre-surgery consultations, hospital stays, surgery costs, post-operative care, and rehabilitation therapies.

Orthopedic procedures are often expensive, and recovery can be long-term, making it essential to have adequate financial protection. Many insurance companies offer plans that specifically cater to orthopedic treatments, providing coverage for various stages of the treatment process.

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What are The Common Types of Orthopaedic Surgeries

Orthopaedic surgeries are commonly performed on areas such as the knee, spine, hip, shoulder, ankle, wrist, and elbow. Some of the most frequently conducted orthopaedic procedures include:

  • Joint arthroscopy

  • Joint replacement surgery

  • Bone fracture repair

  • Soft tissue repair

  • Osteotomy

  • Spine fusion

  • Arthroplasty

  • Bone fusion

  • Debridement

  • Revision joint surgery

If you’re diagnosed with an orthopaedic condition and advised to undergo surgery, the expenses can be quite significant. Orthopaedic surgeries are typically costly and can severely impact your savings. For instance, a joint replacement surgery can cost several lakhs, and additional expenses such as MRIs, X-rays, and frequent specialist consultations can add to the financial burden.

Is orthopaedic surgery covered by health insurance?

Yes, many health insurance plans in India offer coverage for orthopaedic surgeries. Most standard health insurance policies include hospitalization-related expenses such as:

  • Operation theatre charges

  • Surgical appliances and implants

  • Doctor’s and anaesthetist’s fees

  • Room rent and nursing charges

  • Costs of pre- and post-surgical care

In addition, several plans also cover pre-hospitalization and post-hospitalization costs, which may include diagnostic tests and physiotherapy sessions.

If your orthopaedic procedure falls under day care treatment (i.e., it doesn't require 24-hour hospitalization), you can still claim coverage—provided your policy includes day care benefits. Many modern health plans offer this feature, so it’s important to review your policy or speak with your insurer.

Keep in mind that the extent of coverage—whether partial or full—will depend on your individual policy terms and conditions. To avoid surprises, it's advisable to confirm coverage details with your insurance provider as soon as the surgery is recommended.

Benefits of health insurance for orthopedic procedures

Health insurance for orthopedic procedures comes with several advantages, ensuring that patients can access the required treatments without bearing a heavy financial burden.

1. Financial support:

Orthopedic surgeries can be costly. Health insurance ensures that you don’t have to pay the full amount out of pocket.

2. Access to quality care:

With insurance, you gain access to a network of reputable hospitals and surgeons specialising in orthopedic treatments.

3. Coverage for pre- and post-surgery care:

Many insurance plans cover not only the surgery but also pre-operative consultations and post-operative rehabilitation, which are crucial for recovery.

4. Cashless treatment:

Most insurance policies provide a cashless treatment option at network hospitals, allowing you to receive medical care without upfront payments.

5. Comprehensive coverage:

In addition to surgery, some policies also cover diagnostic tests, medications, and follow-up visits, ensuring a holistic approach to your orthopedic care.

What are the waiting periods for orthopaedic surgery under health insurance?

While most health insurance plans in India do cover orthopaedic surgeries, it’s important to note that some procedures come with a waiting period. Treatments such as joint replacement surgery or those related to arthritis are typically covered only after a waiting period of 1 to 2 years. This means you won’t be able to file a claim for these specific surgeries until the waiting period mentioned in your policy is completed. However, this restriction usually does not apply to day care procedures, which are often covered without any waiting period.

Another key factor is the timing of your diagnosis. If you were diagnosed with an orthopaedic condition before purchasing the policy, your insurer will classify it as a pre-existing condition. Most health insurance plans cover pre-existing conditions only after a 2 to 4-year waiting period. Therefore, if your orthopaedic issue was pre-existing, you will have to wait out this period before being eligible to claim expenses related to surgery.

How to choose the right health insurance plan for orthopedic surgery?

Selecting the right health insurance plan for orthopedic surgery requires careful consideration. Here are some tips to help you choose the most suitable option:

Evaluate your needs:

Start by assessing your health condition and the likelihood of requiring orthopedic surgery in the future. If you have a pre-existing condition, such as arthritis or a history of bone injuries, you may want a plan that covers these treatments.

Check for comprehensive coverage:

Ensure that the insurance plan covers all aspects of orthopedic treatment, including hospital stays, surgeries, rehabilitation, and follow-up visits.

Network hospitals:

Choose an insurance provider that has a wide network of hospitals known for their orthopedic departments. Cashless treatment is often available only at these network hospitals.

Pre-existing condition coverage:

Some policies may not cover pre-existing conditions, or they may impose a waiting period. Make sure to understand these terms before choosing a plan.

Examine the claim process:

Opt for an insurance provider with a straightforward claim settlement process to avoid complications during a medical emergency.

Consider premiums and co-payments:

While comprehensive coverage is important, ensure that the premiums are affordable and that co-payment options are clearly defined.

What is the coverage for orthopaedic surgery?

Health insurance plans typically offer several coverage options for orthopedic surgeries, ensuring that patients receive the treatment they need without financial strain. Here are some common coverage options:

In-patient hospitalisation: 

Most plans cover the cost of hospitalisation required for orthopedic surgery, including room charges, nursing fees, and surgical expenses.

Surgical costs:

The cost of the actual surgical procedure, including fees for the surgeon, anesthetist, and other medical staff, is usually covered.

Pre- and post-operative care:

Some policies include coverage for diagnostic tests, consultations, and follow-up visits before and after surgery.

Rehabilitation and physiotherapy:

Post-surgery rehabilitation, including physical therapy, is an important part of recovery and is often covered by insurance.

Implants and devices:

If your surgery requires medical implants, such as artificial joints, your insurance plan may cover these expenses.

Common exclusions in health insurance for orthopedic surgery

While health insurance provides a financial cushion, there are certain exclusions that policyholders should be aware of when it comes to orthopedic surgery:

Pre-existing conditions:

Many policies do not cover pre-existing orthopedic conditions, or they may require a waiting period before coverage kicks in.

Cosmetic procedures:

Surgeries deemed to be cosmetic or aesthetic, even if related to the musculoskeletal system, are generally excluded.

Experimental treatments:

If the orthopedic procedure is not widely recognised or is considered experimental, insurance may not cover it.

Outpatient consultations:

Some policies do not cover outpatient consultations or diagnostic tests unless they are directly related to a covered surgery.

Specific treatment limits:

There may be limits on the amount covered for certain orthopedic procedures, such as joint replacements, which means that some costs may need to be paid out of pocket.

Tips for filing a claim for orthopedic surgery coverage

Filing a claim for orthopedic surgery coverage can be a straightforward process if done correctly. Follow these tips to ensure a smooth claims process:

Understand the claim procedure:

Different insurance companies have different claim processes. Familiarise yourself with your insurer’s procedure for filing claims, whether it’s cashless or reimbursement-based.

Notify your insurer early:

As soon as your doctor recommends surgery, inform your insurance provider. Early notification helps ensure smooth processing and approval.

Gather all necessary documents:

Keep all documents ready, including medical reports, doctor’s prescriptions, surgery recommendations, hospital bills, and receipts.

Check for pre-approval:

For cashless treatment, you may need to get pre-approval from your insurance company before undergoing surgery. Make sure you complete this process in advance.

Follow the hospital’s guidelines:

If opting for cashless treatment, ensure that the hospital is in your insurance provider’s network and that all forms and authorisations are submitted as required.

Submit claims promptly:

For reimbursement claims, submit your documents as soon as possible after the surgery to avoid delays in processing.

Health insurance for orthopedic surgery plays a critical role in reducing the financial burden of costly surgeries and ensuring access to quality medical care. By understanding the various coverage options, exclusions, and claims processes, you can make informed decisions about your health insurance plan. Whether you’re facing a routine orthopedic procedure or preparing for a complex surgery, having the right insurance coverage can offer peace of mind and allow you to focus on your recovery. Investing in a suitable health insurance plan is not just a financial decision, but also a step towards securing your overall well-being.

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Frequently asked questions

Are pre-existing conditions covered under health insurance for orthopedic procedures?
Pre-existing orthopedic conditions are generally not covered immediately under most health insurance plans. Insurers may impose a waiting period before offering coverage for pre-existing conditions, typically ranging from two to four years.

How can I find the most suitable health insurance plan for my orthopedic surgery needs?
To find the most suitable health insurance plan for orthopedic surgery, evaluate coverage options, check for pre-existing condition terms, review the network of hospitals, compare premiums, and assess the claim settlement process for smooth access to care.

What should I do if my health insurance claim for orthopedic surgery is denied?
If your health insurance claim for orthopedic surgery is denied, review the denial letter for reasons, gather necessary documents, contact your insurer, and file an appeal. It's essential to follow the insurer's appeals process carefully.

Is orthopedic treatment covered by insurance?

Yes, most health insurance plans in India cover orthopaedic treatments, including surgeries, hospitalisation, diagnostic tests (like MRI or X-rays), and even post-surgery physiotherapy—depending on your policy terms. Coverage may vary based on whether the condition is new or pre-existing.

What insurance will pay for top surgery?

In India, top surgery (a gender-affirming procedure) is not covered under most traditional health insurance plans unless specifically included under policies designed for transgender healthcare. Some international or employer-provided group health plans may offer this benefit. Always check your policy's inclusions or speak with your insurer.

Does health insurance cover any surgery?

Not all, but most medically necessary surgeries are covered under standard health insurance—especially those requiring hospitalisation, such as appendectomies, gallbladder removal, cardiac procedures, and orthopaedic surgeries. Elective or cosmetic surgeries, however, are usually excluded unless medically required.

What is the waiting period for orthopedic surgery?

For certain orthopaedic procedures like joint replacements or arthritis-related surgeries, insurers typically apply a waiting period of 1 to 2 years. If the condition is pre-existing, the waiting period may extend to 2 to 4 years, depending on your policy. Day care orthopaedic procedures may be exempt from waiting periods.

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