A spectrophotometer is a scientific instrument used to measure the amount of light absorbed, transmitted, or reflected by a substance at specific wavelengths. By analysing how light interacts with a sample, it helps determine the concentration, purity, or chemical properties of a material. Spectrophotometers are commonly used in laboratories, research centres, and industrial testing facilities.
How does a spectrophotometer work?
A spectrophotometer operates on the principle of light absorption and transmission. Its working process includes the following steps:
- Light source: Emits light of a specific wavelength or a range of wavelengths
- Monochromator: Selects a specific wavelength of light
- Sample holder (cuvette): Holds the test sample
- Detector: Measures the amount of light passing through or absorbed by the sample
- Display system: Converts detected light into readable data such as absorbance or transmittance
The results are then compared against reference values to determine sample characteristics.
What is a spectrophotometer used for?
Spectrophotometers are used for a wide range of analytical purposes, including:
- Measuring concentration of chemical solutions
- Analysing purity of substances
- Studying reaction kinetics
- Identifying unknown compounds
- Quality control and compliance testing
Various types of spectrophotometers
Different types of spectrophotometers are available based on application and wavelength range:
- UV-Visible spectrophotometer: Measures absorption in ultraviolet and visible ranges
- Infrared (IR) spectrophotometer: Used for molecular and structural analysis
- Atomic absorption spectrophotometer: Detects metal concentrations
- Flame spectrophotometer: Commonly used for alkali and alkaline earth metals
- Single-beam and double-beam spectrophotometers: Differ based on reference measurement method
Key applications of spectrophotometry
Spectrophotometry is widely used across multiple industries:
- Pharmaceutical analysis and drug formulation
- Clinical diagnostics and medical testing
- Environmental monitoring and water analysis
- Food and beverage quality testing
- Chemical and biochemical research
- Industrial quality assurance
Advantages and limitations of spectrophotometric analysis
| Aspect | Description |
|---|---|
| Advantages | High accuracy, quick results, non-destructive testing, wide application range |
| Limitations | Requires proper calibration, limited sensitivity for very low concentrations, affected by sample impurities |
Price range of spectrophotometer in India
Spectrophotometer prices in India vary depending on type, features, and brand.
| Type of spectrophotometer | Approximate price range (Rs.) |
|---|---|
| Basic UV-visible | 40,000 – 1.5 lakh |
| Double-beam UV-visible | 1.5 lakh – 4 lakh |
| Infrared (IR) | 3 lakh – 8 lakh |
| Advanced laboratory models | 8 lakh and above |
Prices may vary based on specifications and supplier.
How to choose right spectrophotometer
When selecting a spectrophotometer, consider the following factors:
- Required wavelength range
- Type of analysis and sample nature
- Accuracy and sensitivity requirements
- Software and data handling features
- Ease of maintenance and calibration
- Availability of service and spare parts
Financing options for spectrophotometer in India
Spectrophotometers are a valuable investment, and financing can make procurement easier for laboratories and businesses:
- Machinery Loan: Enables purchase through affordable EMIs
- Industrial Equipment Finance: Suitable for high-end or multiple laboratory instruments
- Flexible tenures: Repayment aligned with cash flow
- Quick approvals: Simple documentation for eligible borrowers
If you are planning to invest in a spectrophotometer, you can check your business loan eligibility to understand the funding options available before making a purchase decision. You can also explore funding options such as a Machinery Loan or Industrial Equipment Finance to acquire a spectrophotometer without impacting working capital.
Conclusion
Spectrophotometers are essential analytical tools used across scientific, medical, and industrial applications. Understanding their working principles, types, applications, and pricing helps businesses and laboratories make informed purchasing decisions. With the right equipment and financing support, organisations can enhance accuracy, efficiency, and compliance in analytical processes.
If you are planning to invest in laboratory equipment, you can check your pre-approved business loan offer to secure timely funding. Before applying, review the business loan interest rate and assess business loan affordability using a business loan eligibility calculator to plan repayments effectively.
