Self-occupied property: Key features, tax benefits and impact

Discover key features of self-occupied property, tax benefits under Section 24(b), and its impact on finances. Learn how to maximise savings while enjoying homeownership advantages.
Loan Against Property
3 min
12 May 2025
A self-occupied property (SOP) represents a unique blend of personal and financial investment. For homeowners, it is not just a shelter but also a valuable asset that offers various financial benefits, especially in terms of tax savings. With changing tax regulations and property trends, it is crucial to understand what qualifies as self-occupied, the associated benefits, and how to maximise its potential. This guide delves into the key features, tax implications, and recent developments related to self-occupied properties. Additionally, it explores how such properties compare to let-out ones, common mistakes homeowners make, and financial instruments like a loan against property.

What is a self-occupied property?

A self-occupied property is one that is used exclusively for residential purposes by the owner and their family. Unlike let-out properties, it generates no rental income. This classification carries specific tax implications, with provisions for deductions on home loan interest and property taxes. Whether you live in a flat, independent house, or villa, it qualifies as self-occupied as long as it meets the residential use criterion.

Key features of self-occupied property

Exclusive usage: Primarily for the owner's residential use.

No rental income: Does not generate income, making tax treatment distinct.

Tax exemptions: Deductions available under various Income Tax sections.

One property rule: For tax purposes, only one property can be treated as self-occupied.

Loan interest benefits: Interest paid on home loans for self-occupied property enjoys tax relief.

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Tax benefits of self-occupied property

Interest deduction: Up to Rs.2,00,000 per annum under Section 24(b) for home loan interest.

Principal repayment: Deduction under Section 80C up to Rs. 1,50,000 annually.

Standard deduction: While not applicable here, the lack of rental income means no notional tax burden.

Property tax: Deductions for property tax paid during the year.

Calculating income from self-occupied property

For self-occupied properties, the annual value is considered to be zero. This is because it does not generate any rental income. The formula for calculating income:
Income = Annual Value (0) – Property Tax Paid – Home Loan Interest
This results in a net taxable income of zero or a loss that can offset other income.

Deductions available for self-occupied property owners

Loan interest: As mentioned, up to Rs. 2,00,000 annually.

Principal repayment: Covered under Section 80C.

Pre-construction interest: Deduction in five equal instalments over subsequent years.

Stamp duty and registration: Included in Section 80C, subject to the Rs. 1,50,000 limit.

Repair costs: Limited deductions available under specific conditions.

Impact of budget 2025 on self-occupied properties

The Union Budget 2025 introduced pivotal changes impacting homeowners. Key highlights include:

Increased deduction limits: Home loan interest deduction raised to Rs. 2.5 lakh, boosting affordability.

Green property incentives: Tax rebates for properties meeting energy efficiency standards.

Enhanced loan subsidies: Benefits for first-time buyers under housing schemes expanded.
These changes aim to make homeownership more accessible while encouraging sustainable practices.

Self-occupied vs. Let-out property

FeatureSelf-occupied propertyLet-out property
UsagePersonal Residential UseRented to Tenants
Annual valueZeroActual or Expected Rent
Tax deductionsLimited to Rs. 2,00,000 on InterestUnlimited Interest Deduction
Income tax impactNo rental income taxTax on Rental Income
FlexibilityIdeal for personal stabilityAdds to passive income streams


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Common mistakes to avoid when claiming self-occupied property benefits

Incorrect classification: Declaring let-out properties as self-occupied.

Missed deductions: Overlooking tax benefits under Sections 24(b) and 80C.

Multiple SOP claims: Claiming tax exemptions for more than one property.

Incomplete documentation: Failing to maintain loan repayment records.

Ignoring budget updates: Not adapting to new regulations like those in Budget 2025.

Additional read: Energy performance certificate

An Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) evaluates the energy efficiency of your property. Not only does it contribute to sustainability, but properties with higher EPC ratings may also qualify for additional tax rebates or benefits under green housing initiatives.

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Unlocking financial potential with loan against property

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Benefits of Bajaj Finserv Loan Against Property

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Conclusion

Understanding the nuances of self-occupied properties is crucial for homeowners looking to maximize benefits. From tax savings and financial planning to leveraging loans against property, SOPs offer diverse opportunities. Staying updated with policies like Budget 2025 and focusing on sustainable practices through tools like EPC can further enhance their value. With proper planning and adherence to regulations, self-occupied properties can be a cornerstone of financial stability and long-term wealth.

Frequently asked questions

How does Section 80C apply to self-occupied properties?
Section 80C allows homeowners to claim deductions of up to Rs. 1.5 lakh annually for the principal repayment of home loans, including registration and stamp duty charges, under specific conditions.

Can I claim deductions for both principal and interest payments?
Yes, you can claim deductions for both. Principal repayment qualifies under Section 80C, while interest payments up to Rs. 2 lakh annually are deductible under Section 24(b) for self-occupied properties.

What happens if I have more than two properties?
If you own more than two properties, only two can be declared as self-occupied for tax benefits. The others are deemed let-out, and notional rent is considered taxable.

Can I claim tax benefits if my property is vacant?
Yes, tax benefits on home loan interest and principal repayment can still be claimed, provided the property is deemed self-occupied and meets the relevant eligibility criteria.

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