Water pollution is a growing global concern, particularly in India, where access to clean and safe water remains limited. Contaminated water sources pose serious health threats, often triggering outbreaks of waterborne diseases that affect millions each year. Harmful pollutants—such as industrial discharge, agricultural runoff, and untreated sewage—severely degrade water quality, making it unsafe for drinking and everyday use. The widespread health impact underscores the urgent need for greater public awareness, effective preventive measures, and improved water management. Understanding the root causes, associated health risks, and practical solutions is essential to safeguard public health and tackle this critical issue.
What are the common diseases caused by water pollution?
Water pollution is a major contributor to various diseases that pose serious threats to public health, particularly in developing countries like India. Contaminated water—laden with harmful pathogens, chemicals, and toxins—can lead to severe illnesses across all age groups. This highlights the critical need for proper water hygiene and effective sanitation practices.
Bacterial diseases
Water pollution diseases such as hepatitis, encephalitis, polio, and gastroenteritis are caused by bacteria present in contaminated water. These infections often spread rapidly in areas with poor sanitation and inadequate water treatment systems.
Viral diseases
Illness caused by water pollution includes viral infections like cryptosporidiosis, galloping amoeba, giardiasis, and schistosomiasis. These diseases are transmitted through the ingestion of or contact with polluted water, posing serious risks to immune health.
Parasitic diseases
Parasitic infections such as cryptosporidiosis, galloping amoeba, giardiasis, and schistosomiasis are common in polluted water sources. These diseases can lead to gastrointestinal issues, fatigue, and long-term health complications if left untreated.
These illnesses demand immediate medical attention and underline the need for clean drinking water.